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UK ecosystems: land and sea
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The UK has a mix of land ecosystems, and its seas are among its most valuable natural resources.
Land ecosystems
Moorland: open upland with heather, grasses and peat bogs, such as Dartmoor.
Heath: lowland areas with sandy, acidic soils, heather and gorse, such as the Dorset heaths.
Woodland: native woods of oak, ash and beech; only a small part of the original forest remains.
Wetlands: marshes, fens and bogs, such as the Norfolk Broads, home to many birds.
Heath: lowland areas with sandy, acidic soils, heather and gorse, such as the Dorset heaths.
Woodland: native woods of oak, ash and beech; only a small part of the original forest remains.
Wetlands: marshes, fens and bogs, such as the Norfolk Broads, home to many birds.
Marine ecosystems
The seas around the UK provide fish, oil and gas, wind energy, tourism and transport.
They support seabirds, seals, dolphins and important habitats such as kelp forests and seagrass beds.
They support seabirds, seals, dolphins and important habitats such as kelp forests and seagrass beds.
Human damage and protection
Overfishing reduces fish stocks.
Pollution from oil spills, sewage and plastics harms wildlife.
Dredging and trawling damage the seabed.
Protection includes fishing quotas and Marine Conservation Zones.
Pollution from oil spills, sewage and plastics harms wildlife.
Dredging and trawling damage the seabed.
Protection includes fishing quotas and Marine Conservation Zones.
Describe one way people damage UK marine ecosystems and one way they are protected.
- Damage: overfishing reduces fish populations and disrupts food chains.
- Protection: quotas limit how many fish can be caught; Marine Conservation Zones restrict harmful activities.
Answer: Overfishing; quotas and Marine Conservation Zones.
UK land ecosystems include moorland, heath, woodland and wetland. UK seas provide fish, energy, tourism and habitats, but suffer from overfishing, pollution and seabed damage. Quotas and Marine Conservation Zones help protect them.
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