GCSE-readyPolymers
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Polymers are huge molecules made from many small ones. They are plastics, fibres and even DNA. Separate Chemistry only.
Addition polymers
Many alkene monomers join when their double bonds open.
ethene → poly(ethene)
The repeating unit is shown in brackets with an n outside.
ethene → poly(ethene)
The repeating unit is shown in brackets with an n outside.
Condensation polymers
Two different monomers, each with two functional groups, join and lose a small molecule (usually water) each time.
Polyesters form from a diol and a dicarboxylic acid.
Natural polymers: DNA (nucleotides), proteins (amino acids), starch and cellulose (sugars).
Polyesters form from a diol and a dicarboxylic acid.
Natural polymers: DNA (nucleotides), proteins (amino acids), starch and cellulose (sugars).
Problems with plastics
Most are non-biodegradable and last for centuries in landfill or the sea.
Solutions: recycling, reducing use, biodegradable polymers. Burning releases energy but also toxic gases.
Solutions: recycling, reducing use, biodegradable polymers. Burning releases energy but also toxic gases.
What is the monomer of poly(propene)?
- Remove the 'poly' and brackets.
Answer: Propene
Addition polymers form from alkenes with no other product. Condensation polymers join two different monomers and release water. DNA, proteins, starch and cellulose are natural polymers.
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